Learn how to make passive voice
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to AfrikaansPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 11 - A Bad Breakup in South Africa. John here. |
| Liza: Hallo! I'm Liza. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll have an introduction to the passive voice. The conversation takes place at a bar. |
| Liza: It's between Andre and Daan. |
| John: The speakers are co-workers; therefore, they'll speak informal Afrikaans. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Daan: Wat bedoel jy hulle verhouding is versplinter? |
| Andre: Versplinter... in stukkies gebreek, dit kan nie weer aanmekaar gesit word nie. |
| Daan: Ek verstaan nog steeds nie, wat het gebeur? |
| Andre: Dit was hartverskeurend... |
| Daan: Wag... jy gebruik nou groot woorde. |
| Andre: Ok... Hy het haar hart is stukkies geskeur, haar hart is nie meer een stuk nie. |
| Daan: Dit is nogal ernstig! Ek verstaan. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Daan: What do you mean their relationship is shattered? |
| Andre: Shattered...broken in pieces, it can't be put back together again. |
| Daan: I still don't understand, what happened? |
| Andre: It was heartbreaking... |
| Daan: Wait... big words are being used by you. |
| Andre: Ok... He tore her heart to pieces. Her heart is not in one piece anymore. |
| Daan: That is very serious. I understand. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: We heard about some heartbreak in the dialogue this time. |
| Liza: Sounds like it was a bad breakup. |
| John: It does, doesn’t it? What can you tell us about dating culture in South Africa? |
| Liza: Afrikaans people are a bit more reserved than in the West. |
| John: How so? |
| Liza: Some people, especially older people, frown upon people living together before marriage. |
| John: At what age do people usually get married? |
| Liza: Usually in their early 20’s, but if they continued their studies it might be later. |
| John: So it’s not typical for people to live together without being married? |
| Liza: Some people will. Much like the West, some people will marry, and some won’t. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Liza: versplinter [natural native speed] |
| John: shattered |
| Liza: versplinter [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: versplinter [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: verhouding [natural native speed] |
| John: relationship |
| Liza: verhouding [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: verhouding [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: aanmekaar [natural native speed] |
| John: together |
| Liza: aanmekaar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: aanmekaar [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: steeds [natural native speed] |
| John: still |
| Liza: steeds [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: steeds [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: hartverskeurend [natural native speed] |
| John: heartbreaking |
| Liza: hartverskeurend [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: hartverskeurend [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: skeur [natural native speed] |
| John: to tear |
| Liza: skeur [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: skeur [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: stukkies [natural native speed] |
| John: pieces |
| Liza: stukkies [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: stukkies [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: ernstig [natural native speed] |
| John: serious |
| Liza: ernstig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: ernstig [natural native speed] |
| John: And lastly... |
| Liza: hart [natural native speed] |
| John: heart |
| Liza: hart [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: hart [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Liza: een stuk |
| John: meaning "one piece." What can you tell us about this phrase? |
| Liza: This can be used in two ways. The first is literally as “one piece” of something. |
| John: And what’s the other meaning? |
| Liza: It can be used to describe an item of clothing that is only one piece. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Liza: Sure. For example, you can say, Sy het die mooiste een stuk uitrusting aangehad. |
| John: ...which means "She had the nicest one-piece outfit on." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Liza: nogal ernstig |
| John: meaning "quite serious." So this phrase would describe something that’s seen as serious. |
| Liza: You can use this to put emphasis on something you feel is serious. |
| John: Can this phrase be used for anything you feel is serious? |
| Liza: Yes. |
| John: And, can you give us an example using this word? |
| Liza: Sure. For example, you can say, Hy het nogal ernstig seer gekry met die val met die trappe af. |
| John: ...which means "He got injured quite seriously by his fall down the stairs." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll have an introduction to the passive voice. |
| John: How do we say “passive voice” in Afrikaans? |
| Liza: It’s Lydende vorm. |
| John: Passive voice sentences are sentences where the focus is on the object, not the subject. So it’s a sentence like “the computer was broken by me.” An active voice sentence would be “I broke the computer.” |
| Liza: There’s a pattern we can use in Afrikaans to make these sentences. |
| John: Okay. First, let’s hear the pattern, and then later we can hear some example sentences. |
| Liza: Sure. In present tense, follow the object with word, then the time or manner if needed, followed by deur. Ge goes after the subject and is added to the verb. |
| John: Now, let’s look at those examples. |
| Liza: Die bal word deur die seun geskop. |
| John: “The ball is being kicked by the boy.” |
| Liza: Die koffie word deur die man by die winkel gekoop. |
| John: “The coffee is being bought by the man in the shop.” How do we make these sentences in the past tense? |
| Liza: The pattern is the same, only we use is instead of word. |
| John: Again, some examples please! |
| Liza: Die koppie is deur hom gister gebreek. |
| John: “The cup was broken by him yesterday.” |
| Liza: “n Nuwe kar is deur haar gekoop. |
| John: “A new car was bought by her.” Now, how about the future tense? |
| Liza: We use Sal/Kan/Wil/Mag/Moet. Sy kar gaan deur hom in die donker gery word. |
| John: “The car is going to be driven by the man in the dark.” |
| Liza: Hy sal sy nuwe rekenaar in die sitkamer sit. |
| John: “He will put his new computer in the living room.” What if there’s no object in the sentence? |
| Liza: You can use daar. Daar word duisende mense deur die hotel gehelp. |
| John: “Thousands of people are being helped by this hotel.” Now, maybe you need to ask for the definition of an Afrikaans word that you don’t know. How can we do this, Liza? |
| Liza: You can use Wat beteken …? For example, Wat beteken ‘kaas? |
| John: That is “what does ... mean?” “What does ‘cheese’ mean?” |
| Liza: The key word is beteken, which means “means.” |
| John: That meaning should be easy to remember! |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Liza: Baai. |
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