Learn how to use compound-complex sentences
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi, everyone, and welcome back to AfrikaansPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 18 - An Afrikaans News Bulletin. John here. |
| Liza: Hallo! I'm Liza. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about compound complex sentences. The speaker is speaking on TV. |
| Liza: The speaker is Daan. |
| John: Daan is a TV announcer, therefore, he will speak both formal and informal Afrikaans. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Daan: Vanaand op die nuus. Suid Afrika wen die internationale toetsreeks in Krieket teen Indië en die bokkie wen weer in Engeland. |
| Daan: Secunda se myn skag breek na weerlig dit getref het met gisteraand se erge reënbui. |
| Daan: Nege mense beseer en twee dood in 'n taxi ongeluk op die N1 Noord oppad Pretoria toe. |
| Daan: Die Rand word sterker soos ons in die nuwe jaar in beweeg mits die olie pryse konstant bly. |
| Daan: Nuwe beleide van die regering oor hoe die onderwys departement geld sal spandeer in die sport sektor. |
| Daan: Nuwe huis eienaars bekommerd oor die styg in rente koerse in huis lenings. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Daan: Tonight, on the news. South Africa wins the international test series in Cricket against India, and the Bokke won again in England. |
| Daan: Secunda mine shaft broke after lightning hit it last night in a bad rain storm. |
| Daan: Nine people injured and two dead in a taxi accident on the N1 North on the way to Pretoria. |
| Daan: The Rand is getting stronger as we move into the new year, provided that oil prices stay constant. |
| Daan: New policies from the government on how the education department will spend money on the sports sector. |
| Daan: New home owners are worried about the rise in home loan interest rates. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: We heard some interesting news headlines there. |
| Liza: There was definitely a variety! |
| John: What can you tell us about news broadcasts in South Africa? |
| Liza: At seven p.m. each night, there are news broadcasts on several different channels, and in several different languages. |
| John: Including Afrikaans? |
| Liza: Of course! Some families plan their dinner time around the news, so that they can watch it together. |
| John: As well as TV news, what other news sources are popular? |
| Liza: There are lots of newspapers in South Africa, and of course they all have websites. |
| John: So you can get your news from your phone. |
| Liza: That’s right. |
| John: What about more personal news? If you have some bad news for someone, how should you tell them? |
| Liza: You should tell them in person. If that isn’t possible, then speak to them over the phone. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Liza: nuus [natural native speed] |
| John: news |
| Liza: nuus[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: nuus [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Liza: toetsreeks [natural native speed] |
| John: test series |
| Liza: toetsreeks[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: toetsreeks [natural native speed] |
| John: Next up is... |
| Liza: skag [natural native speed] |
| John: shaft |
| Liza: skag[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: skag [natural native speed] |
| John: Then, we have... |
| Liza: erg [natural native speed] |
| John: bad |
| Liza: erg[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: erg [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Liza: beseer [natural native speed] |
| John: injured |
| Liza: beseer[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: beseer [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, there’s... |
| Liza: dood [natural native speed] |
| John: dead |
| Liza: dood[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: dood [natural native speed] |
| John: Next, we have... |
| Liza: beleide [natural native speed] |
| John: policy |
| Liza: beleide[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: beleide [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Liza: spandeer [natural native speed] |
| John: to spend |
| Liza: spandeer[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: spandeer [natural native speed] |
| John: Then, there’s... |
| Liza: styg [natural native speed] |
| John: to rise |
| Liza: styg[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: styg [natural native speed] |
| John: And lastly... |
| Liza: bekommerd [natural native speed] |
| John: worried |
| Liza: bekommerd[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Liza: bekommerd [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Liza: sterk rand |
| John: meaning "strong rand" |
| John: Of course, the rand is the currency in South Africa. |
| Liza: You can use this pattern when you want to talk about strong currencies. |
| John: So I guess it’s mainly used in business? |
| Liza: That’s where you’ll hear it the most, but you can say it anywhere. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Liza: Sure. For example, you can say Die rand is nou baie sterk op die oomblik. |
| John: ...which means "The rand is very strong at the moment." |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Liza: bekommerd oor |
| John: ...meaning "worried about." |
| John: What is this phrase used for? |
| Liza: It’s used to express concerns about a subject. |
| John: You can you use it for both things and people? |
| Liza: Yes, you can. |
| John: Is it a formal or informal phrase? |
| Liza: Again, it’s good for both! |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Liza: Sure. For example, you can say Ek is bekommerd oor die weer vir ons naweek weg in die berge. |
| John: ...which means "I am worried about the weather for our weekend away in the mountains. " |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about compound complex sentences. |
| John: Compound sentences are sentences that often contain an infinitive or a verb particle. |
| Liza: Yes, they often have verb particles like het or sal. |
| John: Is there anything else we should know about these sentences? |
| Liza: In simple compound sentences, the verb goes at the end. |
| John: Do you have some examples for us? |
| Liza: Ek sien die huis |
| John: “I see the house.” |
| Liza: Ek het die huis gesien |
| John: “I saw the house.” |
| Liza: You might have noticed that the verb didn’t conjugate. |
| John: In Afrikaans, verbs don’t conjugate due to tense or because of the pronoun used. |
| Liza: That’s right - we use the same verb. To change tense, we use verb particles. For example, the past tense adds het ge to the verb. |
| John: Let’s hear an example. |
| Liza: Ek het gespeel |
| John: “I played.” |
| Liza: Hy het gespeel |
| John: “He played.” In both of those examples, the verb was the same despite the pronoun changing. Now, how do we form the future tense? |
| Liza: You just add sal to the verb. Ek sal speel. |
| John: “I will play.” |
| Liza: Hy sal speel. |
| John: “He will play.” So, we’ve heard that verbs don’t conjugate, but what about nouns? Is there a difference between a singular and plural noun? |
| Liza: If the word comes from Dutch, we add an e at the end to make it plural. For example, hond and honde. |
| John: “Dog” and “dogs.” |
| Liza: If the word comes from English, we usually add an s. For example, broer and broers. |
| John: “Brother” and “brothers.” Let’s end this lesson on a plural example sentence. |
| Liza: Ek het drie susters by die hospitaal gesien. |
| John: “I saw three sisters at the hospital.” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Liza: Baai. |
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